To gain insight into student performance on the most foundational and predictive skills in reading and mathematics, the Jordan Ministry of Education, in partnership with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), conducted the National Early Grade Literacy and Numeracy Survey in Jordan during the spring of 2012. The National Survey included Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA), Early Grade Mathematics Assessment (EGMA), and Snapshot of School Management Effectiveness (SSME) instruments applied in 156 primary schools across the country. The principal findings of the National Survey are presented below as a basis for reflection and discussion.